# L’Ordine Nuovo — Authority and coding guides

Current coverage: Issues I.1–I.43 and II.1–II.6 · 1 May 1919–19 June 1920

These guides carry forward the user’s standing protocol and record decisions applied throughout the indexed issues; earlier count tables are historical checkpoints. The cumulative Volume I reading copy, master Markdown catalog, and JSON export are generated from the same maintained issue records. Future completed issues are incorporated into these same cumulative files. Each issue retains its own completeness audit and stable card identifiers.

## Author authority file

The scan establishes printed names and signatures. The additional attribution authority is David Bidussa (ed.), *Non è un’utopia* (Fondazione Giangiacomo Feltrinelli, 2019), [publisher-hosted edition](https://fondazionefeltrinelli.it/app/uploads/2019/04/Non-e-un-utopia-David-Bidussa.pdf). Reference pages below belong to that edition, not to the facsimile. Spriano’s index has not been consulted.

### Issue 1 attribution evidence

| Canonical contributor | Printed signatures in Issue 1 | Evidence / certainty | Role evidenced here | Issue 1 cards |
|---|---|---|---|---:|
| Angelo Tasca | Fantasio.; otherwise unsigned | Fantasio identification: Bidussa p.61; unsigned attributions: pp.30, 35, 39, 59–60. Secure scholarly attribution, distinct from a printed name. | Socialist editorial and historical writing; book reviewing | 6 |
| Palmiro Togliatti | Empedocle; Emp.; Palmiro Togliatti. | Full name in scan; pseudonym supported by Bidussa pp.52, 66. | Political and philosophical criticism | 3 |
| Antonio Gramsci | A Gramsci. at the end of the international rubric | Shared signature; individual pieces confirmed by Bidussa pp.43, 47. | Editorial secretary named in masthead; international commentator | 2 |
| Max Eastman | MAX-EASTMAN. | Full-name byline in scan; typographical hyphen removed in canonical name | Contributor of the serialized Lenin essay | 1 |
| Alfredo Bonaccorsi | Alfredo Bonaccorsi. | Full-name byline in scan | Fiction contributor | 1 |
| Romain Rolland | Romain Rolland. | Full-name byline in scan | Contributor of the internationalist essay | 1 |
| Unknown editorial author(s) | Unsigned | No personal attribution supplied | Launch appeal and two short editorial texts | 1 full + 2 brief |

Counts are **items**, not byline occurrences: Gramsci’s two separately headed pieces share one terminal signature. No biography, occupation, party office, translator, or legal identity is invented from stylistic resemblance. Sourced contributor biographies are now maintained in the author authority file and linked from the reading copy; they supplement rather than replace issue-level attribution evidence.

Standing mappings supplied by the user remain available but are not new evidence from Issue 1: `p.t.` → Palmiro Togliatti; `AG` → Antonio Gramsci; `Caesar` → Cesare Seassaro. No card in Issue 1 is signed Caesar, AG, or p.t.; Issue 2 adds the spaced variants A. G., a. g., and p. t.

### Contributor counts through Issue 2 (retained historical checkpoint)

| Standardized author | Full cards |
|---|---:|
| Antonio Gramsci | 8 |
| Angelo Tasca | 7 |
| Palmiro Togliatti | 5 |
| Max Eastman | 2 |
| Alfredo Bonaccorsi | 1 |
| Romain Rolland | 1 |
| Alessandro Schiavi | 1 |
| Luigi Serra | 1 |
| Henri Barbusse | 1 |
| Unknown, including the letter signed F. G. | 7 |

Total: 34 full cards. Six brief records are counted separately, including the quotation signed CARDUCCI, standardized as Giosuè Carducci without inventing its source work.

Issue 2’s unsigned *Cronache* is attributed to Gramsci by [INDIRE’s Spazio Gramsci](https://spaziogramsci.indire.it/homegramsci/cronache-ordine-nuovo-1maggio/). The unsigned *Postilla* is attributed to Gramsci by [Guido Liguori, p.6, note 33](https://www.igsitalia.org/images/G.-LIGUORI---Gramsci-e-i-Consigli-nel-biennio-rosso-1919-1920.pdf); it follows Serra’s signature and is a separate item. The three international pieces share the terminal A. G., corroborated by the contents at rubric level. The signed reviews use the user-supplied authority mappings a. g. and p. t. The Fantasio mapping established in Issue 1 applies to the May Day response.

Five unsigned items on pp.[9]–10 remain unattributed. The letter signed F. G. remains unidentified and is not conflated with the answer by Fantasio. Schiavi, Serra, and Barbusse have full-name printed signatures. Translators remain unidentified where not printed.

## Series and rubric authority

| Canonical heading | Function and boundary | Issue-1 cards |
|---|---|---|
| Editoriale | Printed editorial section; not an extra article | 01–02 |
| La battaglia delle idee | Shared review rubric; each substantive review receives its own card | 06–08 |
| Vita Politica Internazionale | Shared international rubric with separately titled pieces; final signature follows the Spain piece | 13–14 |
| Uno Statista dell’Ordine Nuovo | Serialized essay, explicitly marked Continua; a series is not necessarily a standing column | 05 |
| Luigi Blanc e l’Organizzazione del Lavoro | Serialized historical study; first installment is I. - Premesse | 09 |

The Lanzillo review on p.5 is not automatically placed under La battaglia delle idee: no continuation of that rubric is printed above it. Its author is securely identified without requiring a decision about broader editorial grouping. Future evidence can refine that column relationship.

User-supplied recurring labels awaiting confirmation in scans: Communist Legislation; L’esercito Socialista; Fatti e documenti. “Battle of Ideas” is the English authority alias for La battaglia delle idee. Do not translate an unobserved heading into an invented Italian bibliographic form.

### Rubrics confirmed in Issue 2

- *Cronache dell’Ordine Nuovo*: card 01.
- *La settimana politica*: three separately titled articles, cards 03–05.
- *Uno Statista dell’Ordine Nuovo*: installment II, card 07, linked to Issue 1; its internal headings are not separate cards.
- *Vita Politica Internazionale*: three separately titled items, cards 09–11, under one terminal signature.
- *La battaglia delle idee*: three reviews, cards 17–19.

The F. G. correspondence and Fantasio response share a heading but have separate authors and cards (15–16). The subheading about socialist army corporals within Serra’s essay is not proof of the standing column L’esercito Socialista.

## Theme guide

Use `theme:<canonical-name>:primary` for an article’s central subject or intervention. Use `:secondary` for sustained but subordinate treatment. A passing word, cited name, bibliography entry, or topic promised for a future issue does not by itself create a theme. Normally use one to three primary themes and a small number of secondary themes; the pilot has no card with more than five total.

The user’s explicit capitalized `theme:Marxism` is preserved. Do not silently introduce the lowercase alias `theme:marxism`. The boundaries below apply across issues; examples describe qualifying material and do not assert that all examples occur in Issue 1.

| Canonical tag stem | Definition and inclusion | Boundary / primary versus secondary example |
|---|---|---|
| theme:soviets | Soviet institutions and their powers, composition, or operation | Distinguish Russian/state soviets from factory councils; a study of soviet rule is primary, a developed institutional comparison secondary. |
| theme:councils | Workers’ and factory councils as institutions of organization and power | Use this one form, not factory-councils/councilism aliases. Council organization is primary; a substantial passage on councils in an international survey is secondary. |
| theme:internal-commissions | Workplace internal commissions, membership, jurisdiction, and function | A commission’s mere naming within a list does not qualify. An institutional analysis is primary; a sustained comparison with councils secondary. |
| theme:unions | Trade unions, labor organization, union powers and practices | A strike report qualifies only if unions receive substantive attention. Union transformation is primary; a developed account of union action in a broader crisis secondary. |
| theme:parties | Party structure, internal organization, strategy, and organizational role | Merely reporting that a party acted is insufficient. Organizational design is primary; substantial discussion of party machinery within a council essay secondary. |
| theme:parliamentarism | Representative institutions and bourgeois democracy | Distinguish democracy as a positive participatory project. An analysis of parliament is primary; sustained parliamentary dysfunction in a broader crisis secondary. |
| theme:war | War, militarism, wartime social effects, and peace as responses to war | Dates or passing military metaphors do not suffice. An antiwar intervention is primary; a sustained account of war’s consequences within another argument secondary. |
| theme:russia | Russia, Russian politics, or society as a substantive object | Lenin’s nationality alone does not qualify. A Russian political analysis is primary; a sustained Russian example secondary. |
| theme:germany | Germany, German politics, or society | A cited German thinker is insufficient. Use primary/secondary according to centrality of the national context. |
| theme:england | England/Britain and British politics or society, retaining the user’s label | Do not create a competing Britain tag. Primary for a British analysis; secondary for a sustained discussion of Britain in an international argument. |
| theme:united-states | The United States and its politics or society | An American byline is insufficient; a sustained US discussion can be secondary. |
| theme:france | France, French politics, or society | A French author alone is insufficient. The social context of French socialist theory may be secondary to the theory. |
| theme:hungary | Hungary and Hungarian politics or society | Primary for a Hungarian intervention; secondary for a developed comparative treatment. |
| theme:international | Substantive international contexts outside the named country categories | Residual geographical/political category, including Spain here. Not an alias for internationalism; named-country themes should handle their own contexts. |
| theme:internationalism | International solidarity, international political unity, or an internationalist project | Foreign news alone is not internationalism. Advocacy of transnational unity is primary; a developed subordinate argument for it secondary. |
| theme:third-international | The Communist/Third International as a political institution or project | A prospectus merely naming it does not qualify. Organization or policy can be primary; substantial contextual treatment secondary. |
| theme:bolshevism | Bolshevik theory, practice, political role, or interpretations of Bolshevism | Not automatic for any Russian article. A defense of historical interpretation is primary; substantial treatment within another argument secondary. |
| theme:intellectuals | Intellectual activity, responsibility, social position, or political role | Authorial profession alone does not qualify. Critique of intellectual conduct is primary; subordinate discussion of intellectual responsibility secondary. |
| theme:culture | What culture is, how it is made, or its effects; also actual cultural works | Primary requires substantive reflection on culture. Fiction, poetry, theater, or literary criticism normally receives secondary; every book review does not automatically qualify. |
| theme:fascism | Explicit or securely identified substantive discussion of fascism | A writer’s later fascist career is not enough. Do not retroactively recode every nationalist or anti-socialist episode as a fascism theme. |
| theme:Marxism | Marx, Marxist theory, and explicit debates about Marxism | A decorative name or isolated quotation is insufficient. Exposition or criticism is primary; sustained theoretical engagement in a broader piece secondary. |
| theme:praxis | The relation between theory and practice, thought and action, or ends and means | Requires an actual discussion of the relationship. Any practical proposal is not automatically praxis. |
| theme:discipline | Workplace, party, military, or other discipline; disciplining structures | Primary when discipline is the problem; secondary when a sustained requirement within economic or political reconstruction. |
| theme:productivism | Productivity, organized productive effort, and political priority accorded to production | Economic subject matter alone is insufficient. May overlap discipline, but only when productive labor has its own substantive role. |
| theme:leadership | Leadership, direction, leaders’ capacities, difficulties, and relations to followers | A leader’s name does not qualify. A portrait analyzing political command is primary; a substantial discussion within another argument secondary. |
| theme:proposals | Specific arrangements for a socialist/communist state, society, economy, or legal order | Generic aspiration is insufficient. Institutional design is primary; a concrete research or reform program within another intervention secondary. |
| theme:prefiguration | Explicit connections between present practices under capitalism and realization of socialism/communism | Mere chronological succession is insufficient. Primary for analysis of the relation; secondary for a developed argument about preparatory institutions. |
| theme:anarchism | Anarchist thought, movements, or organization | A name such as Bakunin in a promised reading list is insufficient. |
| theme:socialism | Explicit principles, organization, ends, or normative claims of socialism | Not a blanket journal-wide label. Historical exposition can be primary; sustained programmatic discussion can be secondary. |
| theme:communism | Explicit principles, organization, ends, or normative claims of communism | Not automatic for Bolshevik or council articles. Distinguish a substantive conceptual intervention from generic communist language. |
| theme:economics | Economic relations, structures, mechanisms, and analysis | Any reference to labor or prices is insufficient. Primary for economic explanation; secondary for substantial economic analysis in a political account. |
| theme:class-consciousness | Workers’ or class awareness and its formation or transformation | Individual mental awareness belongs at most in mentions. Primary for formation of class agency; secondary for a developed account within another argument. |
| theme:interests | Political/social interests, their relation, formation, conflict, or representation | The word interests by itself is insufficient. |
| theme:education | Training, self-education, schooling, pedagogy, and workers’ learning | Primary for an educational intervention; secondary for a developed pedagogical component. “Culture” is not automatically interchangeable. |
| theme:colonies | Colonies, colonialism, colonial structures, and colonial domination | A colonial place-name alone is insufficient. A methodological discussion of imperial/colonial history can be secondary. |
| theme:coalitions | Political/social alliances and their construction or limits | A list of allied powers alone is insufficient. |
| theme:gender | Women’s roles, gendered labor/power, patriarchy, domesticity, households, reproduction | Primary for a narrative organized around a girl’s dependent labor and abuse; a single named woman gets a mention, not a theme. |
| theme:peasantry | Peasants, agrarian issues, farming, and the southern question | Listing peasants alongside workers is insufficient. |
| theme:religion | Churches, religion, religious practices and institutions | Religious metaphors alone are insufficient; sustained religion or church politics qualifies. |
| theme:state | State form, power, political structure, and the state’s relation to society | The state as an incidental actor does not qualify. Theorizing the state is primary; developed institutional discussion secondary. |
| theme:ideology | Ideology and its production, operation, or criticism | Not every belief or use of the word qualifies; incidental occurrences receive mention:ideology. |
| theme:materialism | Materialist philosophical or historical explanations | Economic content by itself is insufficient. |
| theme:failure | Failures or defeats of socialist/communist movements and their causes | Defeat of a bourgeois opponent is excluded. An alleged defeat can be indexed if substantively analyzed, with the polemical claim attributed. |
| theme:language | Languages, dialects, linguistics, and language politics | Metaphorical “language” or quoted wording alone is insufficient. |
| theme:strategy | Longer-range political orientation and the relation of means to goals | A single strategic adjective belongs in mentions. Do not automatically pair with tactics. |
| theme:tactics | Concrete methods and adaptations within political struggle | A sustained comparison of methods qualifies; a passing tactical word does not. |
| theme:strikes | Strikes, strike organization, action, and consequences | A strike listed in a chronology is insufficient. A detailed strike within a broader national crisis may be secondary. |
| theme:occupation | Factory occupations | Do not use for military occupation or an individual’s profession. |
| theme:protest | Demonstrations, riots, sabotage, and comparable collective protest | References to violence alone are insufficient. |
| theme:division-of-labor | Social or technical division of labor and its implications | A list of occupations or branches of industry is insufficient. |
| theme:corporatism | Corporatist institutions, thought, and organization | Do not conflate worker cooperation, corporations, or generic economic organization with corporatism. |
| theme:factories | The factory especially as physical/social space | A factory council reference alone does not make factory space a theme. |
| theme:cooperation | Cooperatives, cooperativism, and substantive forms of cooperation | Generic calls for collaboration are insufficient. |
| theme:democracy | Positive discussion of participation and democratic political organization | Bourgeois representative government may belong under parliamentarism. A detailed worker election proposal can be secondary if sufficiently developed. |
| theme:jacobinism | Jacobinism and the French Revolution | Stock historical analogies rejected by an author need not become a theme. |
| theme:commune | The Paris Commune or communes as political forms | A year such as 1871, without developed treatment, is insufficient. |
| theme:journalism | Newspapers, periodicals, press practice, public communication, and their political functions | A publication simply cited as a source is not a theme. Journal design is primary; a developed critique of press representation secondary. |
| theme:workers | Workers’ lives, beliefs, culture, habits, or social experience | Not automatic for all socialist articles. Occupational self-culture can be secondary; worker life as the central object primary. |

## Mention guide

Mention flags answer a different question from themes. Keep a mention even when the subject is already thematic. Anchor flags in visible Italian wording or in the user-authorized conceptual categories; do not infer hegemony simply from an analysis of power. The catalog supplies page/column evidence for each flag on a full card.

| Flag | Retrieval rule and boundary |
|---|---|
| mention:councils | Workers’, peasants’, soldiers’, and factory councils; Soviet/soviettista and equivalent explicit institutional references. Include passing references and institutional names, even when a theme is also assigned. Exclude advice (consigli), unrelated committees, and municipal councils alone. |
| mention:democracy | Democrazia, democratico and cognates, including social-democratic compounds and Democratic Party/organization names. Evidence must distinguish lexical/name-only occurrences from substantive discussion. No positive or negative evaluation is required; do not infer a democracy theme. |
| mention:autonomy | Autonomia and cognates; explicitly stated autonomy/independence when conceptually equivalent. Record whether regional, personal, or class autonomy. |
| mention:strategy | Strategia and its genuine cognates. |
| mention:tactics | Tattica and its genuine cognates. |
| mention:pedagogy | Pedagogia and cognates; do not invent this flag solely because education is discussed. |
| mention:education | Educazione, educare, istruzione/istruire, schooling, training, or explicit self-education. Generic culturedness alone is insufficient. |
| mention:consciousness | Coscienza, consapevolezza and genuine cognates. Preserve whether the reference is collective, moral, or merely individual awareness. |
| mention:ideology | Ideologia and cognates; idea, ideale, and ideatore alone do not qualify. |
| mention:hegemony | Egemonia, egemonico, and genuine cognates. A leadership argument without that wording is not a hit. |
| mention:leadership | Leadership/direction in the relevant social or political sense, including leaders, class direction, and elected workplace heads. A journal address or “direct” in an unrelated sense is excluded. |
| mention:emancipation | Emancipazione and cognates. |
| mention:liberty | Libertà/libero and relevant cognates. Specify the sense; the Blanc card retains economic “free competition,” not a falsely inferred political-liberty argument. |
| mention:fascism | Fascismo, fascista, and genuine cognates, not an inferred later historical label. |
| mention:gender | Women, named women, gendered relations, reproductive/domestic labor, or domestic/family references below theme threshold. Borderline family/children examples receive explicit context. |
| mention:servility | Servility, heteronomy, or negative forms of subordination treated as effects of capitalist/social labor relations. Conceptual applications must be labeled; do not flag every insult or every occurrence of servants. |
| mention:justice | Giustizia, ingiustizia, and genuine conceptual cognates such as a directly described iniquitous social order. Record evidence, not an inferred demand for justice. |
| mention:failure | Socialist/communist failure or defeat, including an allegation being disputed. Exclude defeat of the bourgeoisie, ordinary death, or military defeat of a non-socialist regime alone. |
| mention:corporatism | Corporatismo and genuine cognates; exclude generic corporations, cooperation, or occupational groups. |

The 6 October 2026 revision adds `mention:councils` and `mention:democracy`, retrospectively checked across Issues 1–3. The user’s consolidated `mention:gender` governs the pilot rather than earlier provisional aliases such as mention:women or mention:domestic-work.

## Additional notes

Full cards may include brief, impersonal additional notes clarifying their substantive content. Do not assign dissertation chapters or include personalized reading directives in catalog records, tags, filters or public exports.

## Entity and event control

- Names use `person:surname-given-name` where secure. Preserve recognizable historical forms and explicitly label unresolved abbreviated/transliterated names rather than guess expansions.
- Fictional Albina is stored as `fictional-person:albina`; her experiences are not historical events.
- Parties, unions, institutions, and publications use `org:` tags. Descriptive collective references are marked as such and do not invent a formally named institution.
- Event tags identify actual reported episodes where possible. The Barcelona strike is indexed by the report date rather than silently identified with a particular named strike without corroboration.
- `event:first-world-war` is shared across cards, including a specifically labeled fictional setting for Albina. Events announced for future issues are not current articles.
- Relevant entities are included selectively; the guide does not require indexing every mythological figure, publisher, or illustrative proper name.

## Changes recorded by this pilot

1. Documented two new encountered signature forms: Fantasio and Empedocle; separately verified the abbreviated Emp. on the Lanzillo review.
2. Separated two international articles under one signed rubric and three book reviews under another.
3. Preserved the non-sequential 7 → 4 continuation and unnumbered first leaf.
4. Added no new themes. Topics not covered by a dedicated supplied tag remain searchable in titles, summaries, evidence, and entities.
5. Kept the launch appeal as a full substantive card and the motto and short exhortation as brief records. Advertising, publication mechanics, and future-issue announcements remain in the completeness audit.


## Issue 2 coding and preservation decisions

The population and demographic arguments in Schiavi are described in the summary and searchable wording; a new population theme has not been introduced without a controlled-vocabulary decision. The printed *corporativisti* is retained as a mention with its immediate trade-union and migration context, without inferring a fascist state doctrine. The visible *Censura* interruption in *L’Unità del mondo* is documented; missing text is not reconstructed.

Exact-tag searches match assigned fields, not incidental tag strings in notes. Multiple tags and filters are combined. The capitalized stored tag `theme:Marxism` is preserved; search input is case-insensitive. General word searches also cover summaries and evidence notes. The reading copy supports author, issue, column, date, and record-type filters.

The revision log records two Issue 1 changes: the corrected meaning of the brief exhortation against unreasonable impatience, and the source notice for Rolland supplied in Issue 2. The original pre-update Issue 1 files are retained in the working history.


## Issue 3 authority and completeness update

Coverage now totals **48 full cards and seven brief records across Issues 1–3**. Issue 3 contributes 14 full cards and one repeated masthead motto, following two visual passes over all eight leaves. Its unnumbered first leaf is supplied as [17], followed by printed pages 18–24.

New secure contributor authority: **Murzyn → Aron Vizner**, supported by [Guido Liguori, p.8, note 48](https://www.igsitalia.org/images/G.-LIGUORI---Gramsci-e-i-Consigli-nel-biennio-rosso-1919-1920.pdf). **Dopo la Comune → Angelo Tasca** is explicitly attributed in [David Bidussa (ed.), p.27, note 35](https://fondazionefeltrinelli.it/app/uploads/2019/04/Non-e-un-utopia-David-Bidussa.pdf). Zino Zini and Max Eastman have printed full names. A. G. remains a shared terminal signature for three international articles; p. t. signs the Lazzeri review.

The Spartacus appeal is jointly signed by Clara Zetkin, Rosa Luxemburg, Carlo Liebknecht, and Franz Mehring; Carlo is standardized to Karl in the author field. Its Christmas 1918 document date is separate from its publication in the issue of 24 May 1919. No translator is identified.

**Il combattente remains unidentified.** [Giorgio Rochat, printed p.10, note 21](https://www.reteparri.it/wp-content/uploads/ic/RAV0068570_1964_74-77_16.pdf), explicitly reports that the identity was not established and distinguishes the contributor from Cesare Seassaro. The Cronache and both La settimana politica notes also remain personally unattributed. The faint terminal signature of the Teresa Labriola review is recorded as partly illegible; no full name is guessed.

*Documenti della Rivoluzione* is the printed documentary rubric, with its introductory note kept together with the appeal. Zini’s Joel epigraph and Il combattente’s Lenin epigraph belong to their parent articles; neither is an independent filler quotation. The administrative bulk-order notice is logged in the audit. No new category was introduced during the original Issue 3 indexing; the later retrospective mention revision is recorded below.

The Eastman installment warrants six themes because its extended discussion treats both productive discipline and the political institutions of dictatorship. Primary/secondary status follows the current installment, rather than copying the tags of earlier installments. The Labriola review is gender-primary and describes both its critique of nationalist gender policy and its own sexist rhetoric. A Fascio organization name alone does not establish fascism.

### Cumulative contributor counts through Issue 3

| Standardized author | Full cards |
|---|---:|
| Antonio Gramsci | 11 |
| Angelo Tasca | 8 |
| Palmiro Togliatti | 6 |
| Max Eastman | 3 |
| Alfredo Bonaccorsi | 1 |
| Romain Rolland | 1 |
| Alessandro Schiavi | 1 |
| Luigi Serra | 1 |
| Henri Barbusse | 1 |
| Zino Zini | 1 |
| Aron Vizner | 1 |
| Zetkin / Luxemburg / Liebknecht / Mehring (joint card) | 1 |
| Unidentified, including pseudonymous and faint signatures | 12 |

The counts describe cards, so the four-signatory appeal counts once. Earlier issue records are unchanged in this update. Catalog design and search behavior are unchanged.


## Standing protocol revision — 6 October 2026

These rules supersede older display and counting conventions above and apply to all future issues.

- **Header:** Build linked issue numbers from actual indexed issue metadata. Selecting a header number clears other filters and shows that issue. Keep the date span and full/brief counts current. Do not restore the removed two-pass or incomplete-volume notices to the header.
- **Citation:** Pagination refers to the facsimile volume *L’Ordine Nuovo, 1919-1920, 1924-1925* (Milan: Edizioni del Calandario, 1969). The publisher spelling is retained as supplied by the user.
- **Pagination:** Label every full card and brief record “Pagination.” Prefix the preserved facsimile page expression with the Roman publication-volume marker: `[I][1]`, `[I][9]-10`, and later `[II]…`. The Roman marker distinguishes volumes whose pagination restarts within the same bound facsimile; bracketed Arabic numbers remain supplied page numbers. Preserve unusual reading order such as `[I]7 → 4`. Keep original unprefixed `pages`/`page` as source metadata and derive `pagination` for display/export.
- **Mentions:** Check councils (including soviets) and democracy for every new item, alongside the existing mention list. Record page/column evidence even when the same subject already has a theme. Do not copy tags automatically between installments. The [retrospective audit](ordine-nuovo-mentions-audit.md) records all 55 existing records, including negative checks, after rereading all 24 scan pages.
- **Author pages:** Link every nonanonymous standardized author to a separate page in the catalog’s existing visual style. Retain printed signatures and useful attribution notes on the card. A verified printed name with an unresolved wider identity may have a page, but unsupported biographical fields must read “unknown.” Do not merge namesakes without evidence.
- **Required fields:** Name; Born (date/place); Died (date/place); Aliases (known signatures and pen names); Position in 1919–1920; Affiliations; Council delegate (yes/no/unknown, factory and position if established); Bio (2–6 sentences, favoring political activity circa 1910–1926); Articles; Other Notes (“None” when absent). Each page also has a separate brief-record count and source links. Contextualize later affiliations and posthumous publication.
- **Council delegate:** This means service as an elected workers’/factory council representative, not merely support for councils or membership in a municipal council. Use “unknown” when the evidence does not establish yes or no; never infer “no” from occupational category or silence.
- **Counts:** Articles counts **currently indexed full catalog cards**. A coauthored card counts once for each named author; installments count as separate issue cards. Brief quotations/records are separate. Show current issue coverage, and link each count to the catalog filtered to that author and record type. Both counts are rebuilt from the actual card records whenever issues are added or attributions corrected. A person merely mentioned in an article receives no authorship credit.
- **Future additions:** Add a sourced authority entry/page for each new identified contributor before publishing an issue. The cumulative rebuild checks for missing author authorities and duplicate card IDs. Maintain existing IDs and replace corrected records; do not append duplicates. Continue the independent page-by-page inspection and second completeness pass for every issue.
- **Maintained records:** Per-issue catalog JSON files are the current edited card sources. The older issue-creation scripts are historical drafting tools and must not overwrite subsequent corrections. The cumulative builder regenerates reading copies, per-issue/cumulative Markdown, structured exports, and author pages from those maintained records. Author biography entries are maintained in `ordine-nuovo-authorities.json`; the author research script is an initial drafting snapshot, not a source to rerun over later biographical corrections.

### Contributor counts after the individual-author revision

The 48 full cards include 12 unidentified cards and 36 cards with identified authors. The four-signatory appeal yields four author credits for one catalog card, giving **39 identified full-card author credits**. There are **16 author pages**; Carducci has zero full cards and one separately counted brief quotation. Unidentified authors receive no speculative bio page. The linked counts on the generated pages are authoritative as coverage grows; historical count tables above remain checkpoints.


## Issue 4 update — 6 October 2026

Issue I.4 (31 May 1919) adds **nine full cards and five brief records**, bringing current coverage to **57 full cards and 12 brief records across Issues 1–4**. Its six leaves run [I][25]-30; the colophon is on page 30. All pages received two visual passes. The issue contains no Eastman or Zini installment.

**Vita operaia** is retained as a recurring rubric. Enea Matta’s *Psicologia da proprietari* and the editorial *Postilla* are distinct cards and distinct voices. The latter is unsigned and remains personally unattributed. Six of this issue’s full cards remain unattributed; the known full contributors are Tasca (Fantasio), Matta, and Seassaro (Caesar). The embedded Ilario Margarita response stays within the May Day exchange, with authorship of the surrounding rejoinder unresolved. Three independent filler quotations are brief records. New profiles cover Matta, Seassaro, Maeterlinck, and Gorky; quotation credits do not inflate full-article counts.

The journal itself corrects Blanc’s birth year from 1813 to 1811 in Issue I.4, p.[I]28, note 1. This correction is cross-referenced on the first installment without altering the earlier facsimile wording. Explicit democracy words occur in five full cards; no qualifying council/Soviet reference was identified. The Luxembourg Commission of 1848 is not tagged as a 1919 internal commission or workers’ council. Metaphorical families of workers are not treated as actual household evidence.

### Continuing biographical evidence from the corpus

Later issues are biographical sources as well as indexed publications. When an article, signature, report, or notice establishes an author’s occupation, affiliation, council mandate, or other relevant fact, update the maintained authority with the issue, date, facsimile page, and nature of the evidence. Distinguish contemporary self-description, a report about someone, and later scholarship; retain disagreements or uncertainty. Do not retroactively assign a later role to 1919 or infer a council mandate from general participation in the council movement. Matta’s printed *Operaio in carrozzeria* (I.4, p.[I]29) is the first example added under this rule; the Lancia connection is independently supplied by ANPI, not printed in this article.

### User’s immediate research priority: worker experience

Continue indexing all substantive material comprehensively. Separately flag particularly useful articles to the user by message as they are found: firsthand descriptions of factory and working-class life, shop routines, skill and apprenticeship, pay and piece rates, coworker relations, internal commissions, and councils in practice. Distinguish observed or recalled experience from editorial mediation and political prescriptions; note the speaker, workplace when actually identified, and the limits of generalization. No additional catalog architecture or uncontrolled category is required. In Issue 4, Matta’s article (card ON-1919-04-06, pp.[I]28-29) is the priority worker-authored source; the separate Postilla (07, p.[I]29) documents the journal’s interpretation and solicitation of further testimony.


## Issue 5 update — 6 October 2026

Issue I.5 (7 June 1919) adds **15 full cards and one brief record**, bringing coverage to **72 full cards and 13 brief records across Issues 1–5**. All eight leaves, [I][31]-38, received a complete visual pass and a second pass in enlarged half-page views; the La Croy signature was additionally inspected at higher resolution. No separate filler quotation is present. Whitman’s poem is a full literary contribution, including its centenary note; the contents print (CENSURA) beside his name even though the poem is visible on p.34. No missing wording is reconstructed.

**Carlo Petri → Pietro Carlo Mosso** is securely established by the Biblioteca Franco Serantini authority, which explicitly lists this issue’s article. His 1920 factory-council study-committee membership is not treated as an elected factory mandate. **H. La Croy** is the terminal signature, versus **H. La Croix** in the contents. The initial is not expanded and the possible link to Hyacinthe La Croy, whose book was reviewed in Issue 1, is explicitly unconfirmed. The clothing-trade narrator’s claims remain distinguishable from verified biography. Three new profiles bring the total to 23; all counts are rebuilt, with brief records separate.

La taglia della Storia is attributed to Gramsci through Bidussa’s explicit bibliographical note. A. G. signs all three international notes as one rubric; p. t. signs the Croce review only. Five unsigned full entries remain Unknown. Two of these, Maturità and Contributi, appear with asterisks in the Gerratana–Santucci collected-works contents; the marked attribution apparatus was not available in the consulted extract, so that lead is recorded without converting it into a secure author credit. Contributi belongs to La settimana politica according to the issue’s contents, despite its final-page position.

Eight new council/Soviet mention records and four democracy mention records bring cumulative totals to 26 and 27. The hygiene-inspection commission in the tailoring dialogue is not a workers’ internal commission. No new theme or mention category is introduced. Eastman’s unusually extended treatment warrants six themes; themes are reassessed for this installment rather than inherited.

**Worker-experience priority:** Sotto la maschera dell’eleganza (ON-1919-05-09, pp.[I]35-36) offers detailed claims concerning workshop air and space, twelve- to fourteen-hour days, inspection evasion, seasonal employment, dismissal, aging, and women’s labor. Its constructed dialogue, unnamed workplaces and uncertain author identity require caution about representativeness. Eastman (06) supplies mediated proposals on authority, assemblies, recall and bureaucracy; La volontà di lavorare (11) supplies political-economic interpretation of labor control and productive effort. Neither substitutes for firsthand evidence from an identified factory.

**Website updates:** The user now hosts the catalog through Netlify and embeds it in Squarespace. Package the current cumulative HTML, author pages and linked catalog downloads in outputs/ordine-nuovo-website.zip after each completed issue. The extracted dist folder is uploaded to the same existing Netlify project; do not create a replacement website or deploy the abandoned Sites project. A local rebuild does not itself update the hosted copy.


## Issue 6 continuation — 14 June 1919

All eight leaves, [I][39]-46, received two visual passes. Eleven full cards and four brief records bring coverage to **83 full cards and 17 brief records**. Five new contributor profiles bring the total to **28**. The interface and search behavior are preserved.

The brief illustration receives its own artist credit without making Balduini a coauthor of Bonaccorsi’s story. The censorship placeholder is documentary evidence, not a recoverable Whitman poem or a new full article. Brief author credits continue to be separate from Articles counts. Fournière’s historical text is one card with its unsigned introduction clearly distinguished; his profile records that he died before 1919.

Gramsci’s unsigned Cronache has explicit scholarly attribution. The review signed a. t. remains unresolved rather than assigning Tasca from initials alone. The Valdostan contributor remains Unknown under the printed pseudonym. New issue evidence does not establish any new elected factory-council mandate.

Council/Soviet mentions occur in five cards and democracy in four, bringing cumulative counts to **31 and 31**. Fournière’s National Council is included as an explicit proposal for producer representation through occupational/functional committees, not as an existing soviet. Mere guild references in La Casa are not tagged corporatism; Fournière’s constitutional use of sindacati corporativi is recorded with its non-fascist historical context. No democracy word is inferred from the participatory Aosta program.

**Worker-life leads:** La Casa (02, [I][39]-40) offers concrete but normative descriptions of household labor, furnishings, fatigue, childcare and leisure. L’Italia e la Russia (03, [I]40) assigns factory commissions an inquiry into product destinations and calls for refusing supplies to anti-Soviet forces; this is a proposed action, not proof of implementation. The Aosta program (08, [I]44-45) gives specific agrarian examples and local council proposals without a securely identified author. Rosso e Nero (06, [I]42) represents bereavement and rural family labor through fiction.

Issue 6’s account of suppression of the preceding Whitman poem is cross-referenced on the Issue 5 card. It does not erase the poem visible in the supplied facsimile or establish the textual history of the reprint. Unknown titles and censored text are never reconstructed from a neighboring item.


## Issue 7 continuation — 21 June 1919

Two visual passes cover all eight leaves, [I][47]-54. Thirteen full entries and one brief motto bring coverage to **96 full cards and 18 brief records**, with **29 contributor pages**. Existing issue data, search and visual design are preserved. The second pass checked overlapping enlarged halves and additionally enlarged the review bibliography and footnotes.

Democrazia operaia credits Gramsci and Togliatti, distinguishing documented writing collaboration from Terracini’s approval. The school article (contents signature G. B.) and its separate editorial Postilla receive different cards; G. B. remains Unknown. The two unsigned La settimana politica notes remain Unknown pending item-specific attribution evidence. The distinct title Kolciak e Orlando and school Postilla have external Gramsci-edition evidence. John Reed’s new profile retains unknown council-delegate status: first-person reporting does not establish a mandate.

Council/Soviet mentions: 02, 05, 06, 08, 10. Democracy mentions: 01, 02, 06, 08, 10, 12, 13. Totals are now **36 council/Soviet mention records and 38 democracy mention records**. Neither a generic strike committee, the reference to the Berlin Commune, nor discussion of Lenin without a council term creates a council mention. Seven themes on the foundational editorial and six on the state review reflect sustained distinct arguments; no new vocabulary is introduced.

**Worker-life leads:** 02 distinguishes commissions’ existing arbitration/disciplinary roles from proposed factory and neighborhood representation. 06 includes Reed’s first-person recollections of assemblies and worker–peasant encounters, within a sympathetic political account. 12 describes strike demands, essential-service administration and solidarity in Winnipeg through mediated contemporary news. These evidentiary differences remain explicit. 09 represents soldiers’ exhaustion and command through fiction. 07–08 discuss provision for children and education, chiefly as programs.

Future issues may establish affiliations, occupations or actual council mandates for existing contributors. Update only on explicit evidence and cite the relevant issue/card; advocacy, reporting, or a party delegation does not by itself establish an elected council mandate.


## Issue 8 continuation — 28 June–5 July 1919

All eight leaves [I][55]-62 have completed two visual passes, including overlapping enlarged halves. Ten full cards and one brief motto bring the catalog to **106 full cards, 19 brief records and 31 contributor pages**. The masthead date range, rather than the shortened filename date, is preserved. Maintain this date-range practice for future issues.

For Ever is Corrado Quaglino, not the older erroneous Fovel attribution. Salveminiana remains Unknown because its Gramsci attribution is explicitly disputed. Cronache and Tra le quinte remain unsigned/unestablished. New issue evidence updates Carlo Petri’s editorial membership and libertarian-communist position and Caesar’s political development; neither supplies a council mandate. Author counts derive from indexed full cards, with brief records separate.

Worker-life priorities: Reed’s factory committee case histories, reported worker speech, raw-material procurement, inter-factory cooperation, management failures and learning by practice (57–58). Cronache explicitly asks for workers’ occupational testimony, praising the earlier Vita operaia. Keep the mediated and politically sympathetic character of Reed’s reports explicit. Treat programs, narrative illustrations, reported experiences and verified contributor biographies as distinct evidence.

Council/Soviet mentions occur in 05, 06, 07, 08, 09, 10; democracy in 04, 05, 06, 08, 09. Cumulative totals: **42 council/Soviet and 43 democracy records**. No new controlled themes. Catalog styling and search remain unchanged.


## Issue 9 continuation — 12 July 1919

All eight leaves [I][63]-70 inspected twice, including enlarged overlapping halves. Eleven full cards and two brief records bring the cumulative catalog to **117 full cards, 21 brief records and 34 contributor pages**. Check the body as well as the contents: the substantive untitled journal note on 65 is independently cataloged despite omission from the contents. Internal sections of Reed, Whitman and Zini are not inflated into separate articles.

A fresh visual check confirms Issue 8 has ten full articles. Its printed international rubric and several lexical mention details have been corrected; Issue 9’s erratum is linked to Tra le quinte della crisi. Future errata affecting indexed texts should be retained as brief records and linked back.

Priority worker-life source: Jacchia’s Vita operaia, 66, describing his own unnamed factory, women’s organization, commission selection and recall, piece-rates, and relations among manual, technical and clerical workers. His occupation is explicit; personal party/union membership and a council mandate remain unknown. Preserve the discrepancy between four announced sections and five enumerated ones. Reed’s Putilov cooperative provides a separate mediated lead for household provisioning.

Anando is securely identified as Leonardo Gatto-Roissard. Do not conflate Il Caporale with the separate Il combattente signature, or adopt the tentative Zeta attribution. Lenin and Chicherin each receive full credit for their co-signed circular. Counts remain indexed full cards, with brief records separate.

Council/Soviet mentions: 01, 02, 04, 07; democracy: 02, 03, 04, 11. Cumulative totals: **46 council/Soviet and 47 democracy records**. Industrial directing boards in Jacchia are not worker councils; teaching alone does not warrant a lexical pedagogy flag.


## Issue 10 continuation — 19 July 1919

All eight leaves [I][71]-78 inspected twice, including enlarged overlapping halves. Thirteen full cards and one brief motto bring cumulative coverage to **130 full cards, 22 brief records and 35 contributor pages**. The R. X. letter and its substantial editorial reply are separate cards, as are Missiroli’s contribution and Togliatti’s postscript. The short untitled Corriere della Sera polemic on 76 is independently cataloged. Fournière’s five sectoral subsections remain one installment. Earlier issue records are unchanged.

The three council/Soviet mention records are 03, 05 and 11; the six democracy records are 04, 05, 08, 10, 11 and 12. Cumulative totals: **49 council/Soviet and 53 democracy records**. Company boards in Lo Stato del Lavoro do not qualify as workers’ councils. R. X. and Il combattente remain unidentified; a recurring title in an author’s collected works is not sufficient to identify an unsigned article without an exact date or text match.

Related institutional material: Il proletariato inglese, 77, reports shop-steward duties, recall and assembly ratification; Lo Stato del Lavoro, [71]-72, proposes detailed internal-commission functions. Preserve the distinction between reported arrangements and a proposed program. Cronache, [71], supplies editorial evidence of discussions with workers; Togliatti’s Postilla, 78, connects apprenticeship and machinery to collective historical understanding.


## Issue 11 continuation — 26 July 1919

Eight leaves [I][79]-86 inspected in full and again in sixteen overlapping enlarged half-page views. Eleven full cards and five brief records bring coverage to **141 full cards, 27 brief records and 38 contributor/quotation-author pages**. Fournière’s substantive editorial correction is independently cataloged and linked to I.6; internal sections of Seassaro, Zini and Fournière are not inflated into separate articles. The two responses in La battaglia delle idee are distinct cards. For ever’s position is editorially summarized rather than directly printed, so the summarizer remains Unknown; Carlo Petri’s signed reply is attributed to Mosso. Brailsford’s printed N. H. initials are retained separately from his standardized name.

The collective communist program has no printed individual signature. The Brailsford introduction is editorial framing, not his own prose. The Lenin essay prints 1916 as its original date; this issue’s date remains 26 July 1919. Petri’s footnote gives the Issue 8 date and page with an erroneous No.9. Three received books lack substantive reviews and are recorded in the page audit only.

Use additional_notes, never chapters or chapter_basis, in new cards. Preserve the public-facing interface and maintain the separate personal reading list outside the website package.


## Issue 12 continuation — 2 August 1919

Eight leaves [I][87]-94 inspected twice, including sixteen enlarged overlapping half-page views. Twelve full cards and three brief records bring cumulative coverage to **153 full cards, 30 brief records and 40 contributor/quotation-author pages**. The contents omits the Rappoport excerpt and both Jaurès selections; all are included. The substantial headed Jaurès prose receives a full card and the following independent quotation a brief record. Il proletariato americano retains all three subordinate headings and both footnotes in one umbrella card.

Operai e contadini and La tendenza centrista have exact-title/date external attribution to Gramsci; masthead responsibility does not establish authorship of other unsigned items. R. X. remains unidentified. Rolland’s printed 15 March 1918 dateline is preserved separately from this issue’s date. Article heading Il governo dei tecnici takes precedence over the contents variant Il governo dei competenti.

Council/Soviet mentions: 02, 03, 11 and S02. Democracy mentions: 02, 03 and 11. The IWW district councils are worker-delegate institutions; Blanc’s general administrative board is not automatically treated as a council-movement reference. Future issues may supply new contributor biography: preserve source and date of new evidence and do not infer a council mandate from advocacy alone.


## Issue 13 continuation — 9 August 1919

Eight leaves [I][95]-102 inspected twice, including sixteen enlarged overlapping half-page views. Eleven full cards and two brief records bring cumulative coverage to **164 full cards, 32 brief records and 41 author pages**. The short substantive Rappoport and Nitti pieces are full cards. The correction to Il Congresso dei morti is a brief record linked to I.11; the army essay’s subdivisions and the four Zini sections are retained in their full installments.

The occupational signature A. C., impiegato privato identifies a private-sector employee, not a securely named author or council delegate. Described workplace relations and proposed committee arrangements remain distinct. Togliatti’s and Gramsci’s unsigned contributions have specific external attribution evidence. Carlo Rappoport is retained as a printed alias of Charles Rappoport. Leonetti’s biographical death-date discrepancy is explicit and council status remains unknown.

Council/Soviet mentions: 01, 03, 06, 09. Democracy mentions: 02, 03, 04, 08, 09, 11. Internal commissions and the proposed Comitato interno unico in 05 do not by themselves establish the council/Soviet mention. Author biography may be revised from future issue evidence, with source and date recorded.


## Issue 14 continuation — 16 August 1919

Eight leaves [I][103]-110 inspected twice, including sixteen enlarged overlapping half-pages. Ten full articles and three brief records bring the cumulative catalog to **174 full cards, 35 brief records and 43 author pages**. The Irish greeting, recurring motto and independent Rappoport quotation are brief records. The Economist report follows its article heading nazionalizzazione rather than the contents variant socializzazione. Zini’s XIX–XXI form the concluding installment, including the Tertullian footnote and explicit Fine.

The Fiat-Centro notice reports an initiative taking concrete form and says the factory will have the new institution: do not convert that into a completed election. Pastore’s program combines observations of existing union practice with proposals for elections, recall and discipline. Montagnana’s worker voice is source evidence but does not identify a factory or delegate mandate. Both new author profiles keep council status unknown. Fare ognuno il proprio dovere is securely attributed to Tasca by exact title/date; O. P. to Pastore. Unassigned editorials and the Economist correspondent remain unknown. Pescecane is an epithet, not an invented personal surname.

Council/Soviet mentions: 01, 05, 07, 09, 10. Democracy mentions: 03 and 09. These lexical checks remain independent of thematic importance: the extensive commission discussion does not automatically receive a democracy mention. Keep the separate private reading shortlist outside public exports and website packaging.


## Issue 15 continuation — 23 August 1919

Eight leaves [I][111]-118 inspected twice, including sixteen enlarged overlapping half-pages. Twelve full cards and two brief records bring coverage to **186 full cards, 37 brief records and 46 author pages**. The collective congress resolution below Lenin’s signature is a separate substantive item; its descriptive title is supplied in brackets. R. X.’s commission intervention and Gramsci’s Postilla are distinct entries. Leonardo’s three internal sections remain one installment. The financial-support notice is retained briefly for its evidence about printing costs and socialist distribution networks; routine subscription renewal is excluded.

Exact-item external evidence supports Gramsci’s Cronache and Postilla. La cultura professionale, Caporetto and R. X. remain unassigned. The collective resolution has an identified issuing congress, but no individual author credit. No translator is invented. Pankhurst’s London dateline is 11 August; France’s speech is dated 8 August in the introduction; neither replaces the issue date of 23 August.

Council/Soviet mentions: 05, 06, 11, 12. Democracy mentions: 03, 05, 06, 08, 10, 11. The Florence republic in Leonardo is a name-level democracy occurrence. R. X.’s internal/unified committees and future factory executive committees do not supply an explicit consiglio/Soviet term and are not automatically assigned that mention.

Three new profiles: Anatole France, Aldo Oberdorfer and Sylvia Pankhurst. Council-delegate status remains unknown for all three. Oberdorfer’s cultural-council leadership is distinct from an elected factory mandate; his exact birth day and month are unverified. New issue evidence should continue to refine biographies when explicit, with source and date retained.

Priority research leads: occupational culture and apprenticeship; R. X.’s observations about disciplinary fines and occupational divisions; the Postilla’s account of institutional learning and coworker-based elections; Pankhurst’s contemporary labor report; Cronache’s worker self-education project. Preserve the distinctions between reported conditions, mediated anecdotes and proposed arrangements.


## Issue 16 continuation — 30 August 1919

Eight leaves inspected twice, with all eight whole pages followed by sixteen overlapping enlarged half-pages. Eleven full cards and four brief records bring the cumulative total to **197 full cards, 41 brief records and 48 author pages**. The first and last leaves have no visible numeral and are supplied as [119] and [126]; intermediate leaves show 120–125. Preserve the final supplied number in each affected pagination field.

Viglongo’s signed article and the unsigned Postilla are distinct cards. Liguori explicitly notes uncertainty about the latter’s Gramsci attribution (p.15, note 84); it receives no confirmed Gramsci credit. Item-specific evidence supports Tasca’s Il programma massimalista and Gramsci’s Cronache. Anatomia di una circolare remains unknown. The p. t., CAESAR and CARLO PETRI signatures retain the documented Togliatti, Seassaro and Mosso identities.

Leonardo da Vinci is the second installment of the I.15 study, with four internal headings; it is one full card. Petri’s two numbered sections and all three footnotes are one contribution. The independent Jaurès quotation and the two-extract Lenin block are separate brief records. The Lenin extracts share one terminal signature and are described together. The financial-support notice repeats I.15 S02 but is retained for this issue’s completeness. Subscription mechanics and colophon are excluded.

Council/Soviet mentions: 01, 02, 05, 08, 09, 11, S03. Democracy mentions: 02, S03. Petri’s Soviet flag is supported by a cited title in footnote 2, not inferred from his discussion of commissions. Elections do not automatically supply the lexical democracy flag.

New authors: Andrea Viglongo and Nikolai Bukharin. Neither the Viglongo contribution nor the consulted biographies establish a factory-council mandate; status remains unknown. The Bukharin profile documents the death-date discrepancy between reference works, following the Encyclopedia of Modern Ukraine for 15 March 1938.

Priority research leads: Viglongo reports departmental voting at Fiat-Centro without interrupting work, restricted to organized workers. Separate these details from his proposals for broader suffrage and autonomous institutions. The Postilla’s account of Fiat-Centro and Brevetti-Fiat supports an editorial prediction of universal union recruitment, not proof of its realization. Togliatti’s Operai e Contadini analyzes wartime recruitment, deskilling, southern migration and food hardship; it is a polemical contemporary interpretation, not direct worker testimony. Petri’s free-association argument and Tasca’s institutional-preparation program provide complementary context. All five are retained in the separate private reading list.


## Issue 17 continuation — 6 September 1919

Eight leaves inspected twice: whole pages followed by sixteen enlarged overlapping half-pages. Landscape PDF canvases for leaves 6 and 7 were rendered at higher resolution for the embedded upright scans. Twelve full cards and two brief records bring coverage to **209 full cards, 43 brief records and 49 author pages**. Pagination: supplied [127], printed 128–134.

Retain the two separately headed La settimana politica articles, the four-point I compagni possono aiutarci appeal, and the separately ruled untitled readers’ note. The latter is a full substantive card; the appeal is brief but retained for its precise request for local workplace reports. Integral quotations and internal subdivisions of Tasca, Varga, Oberdorfer and Pankhurst do not become independent records. No independent historical-figure filler quotation appears.

Item-specific references support Gramsci’s Cronache and Tasca’s Perchè siamo comunisti; a. t. identifies the final Tasca review. Il combattente remains unidentified. The Labor Commissariat circular has institutional provenance but no personal signatory. Its printed dateline is Pietrogrado, luglio 1915, an anachronism preserved explicitly without guessing a corrected year. Varga’s speech is dated 15 June 1919, earlier than the September republication.

Council/Soviet mentions: 02, 06, 07, 11, 12. No lexical democracy occurrence identified; voting and electoral rights do not automatically qualify. Comitato operaio and workers’ control alone do not supply a council flag.

New author: Eugen Varga (Jenő; printed Eugenio). The Academy’s birth/death dates are followed, with the conflicting 8 October death date in Munzinger noted. Council-delegate status remains unknown. Cronache supplies contemporary evidence that Tasca and Togliatti are free of military service by publication and can now be named.

At the researcher’s request, Matta’s and Vizner’s biographies now explicitly attribute to Frétigné (2021), pp.85–86, the claim that they originated the idea of developing factory councils from internal commissions. Aron Wizner is recorded as Frétigné’s spelling without changing the stable canonical author or creating a duplicate. The source record preserves provenance: the claim and page reference were supplied by the researcher; publisher bibliographic details were checked, but those pages were not independently inspected. This intellectual/organizational role does not establish an elected council mandate.

Five private selections added: La Croy’s narrated apprenticeship; Varga’s administrative report; Cronache’s worker contacts, read with the brief appeal; Il combattente’s factory-management analogy; Pankhurst’s industrial correspondence. Keep narrative, editorial interpretation, administrative evidence and institutional proposals distinct. The private list remains outside the public catalog and deployment package.


## Issue 18 continuation — 13 September 1919

Eight whole pages followed by sixteen enlarged overlapping half-pages inspected. Eleven full cards and four brief records bring coverage to **220 full cards, 47 brief records and 59 author pages**. Pagination is supplied [135], printed 136–142. Ransome’s separately titled and signed articles are independent cards. The concluding Leonardo installment and the Olgiati review each remain one item, including their subdivisions and integral quotations. Only the first Bartalini report is present despite an introduction announcing two.

The repeated readers’ note remains a full card. The four-point appeal is brief because its request for exact workplace reports has substantive research value; the council pamphlet announcement is brief because it documents intended educational distribution through internal commissions. The repeated printing-cost and financial-support notice is retained as a fourth brief record, consistently with I.15–I.16. Routine payment, renewal, back-issue and forthcoming-contribution notices are covered in the audit without separate cards.

Exact-date external texts support Gramsci’s Lo sviluppo della Rivoluzione and Ai Commissari. The latter’s printed collective signature remains explicit. Cronache is unsigned and personally unassigned; no automatic extension of earlier column attributions. Tasca is named as presenter of the resolution; its framing is unsigned. Eleven Clarté signatories receive one coauthored article credit each. Henri Jacques is standardized as Henry-Jacques; Madeleine Marx as Magdeleine Paz, with the printed variants preserved.

Council/Soviet mentions: 01, 02, 03, 04, 06, 07, 09 and S03. Democracy: 03 only. Thematically democratic electoral practice in Cronache does not supply a lexical democracy mention. No council mandate is inferred for an author from advocacy or an appeal signature. The surname-only Brevetti commissioners are searchable as named in the issue and are not conflated with other people.

Ten new profiles: Georges Duhamel, Henry-Jacques, Laurent Tailhade, Raymond Lefebvre, Magdeleine Paz, Séverine, Théophile-Alexandre Steinlen, Paul Vaillant-Couturier, Arthur Ransome and Ezio Bartalini. Biographical uncertainties and conflicting dates are stated explicitly. Bartalini’s school appointment and Tasca’s presentation of the resolution are contemporary issue evidence. Ransome’s March interviews, Bartalini’s July letter and Tasca’s 5 September meeting retain their own dates.

Priority research leads include the Brevetti election and roster; the Fiat address’s technical training, workshop norms and foreign-study/local-discussion connection; both Ransome reports’ comparisons and revisions of theory; the council-state program; Tasca’s institutional program; and Bartalini’s conditions for voluntary discipline. The seven selections enter the separate private list. Distinguish official claims, mediated speech, observed practices and proposals; the list stays outside the public package.


## Issue 19 continuation — 20–27 September 1919

Eight whole pages and sixteen enlarged overlapping half-pages inspected. Eleven full cards and five brief records bring coverage to **231 full cards, 52 brief records and 62 author pages**. Pagination: supplied [143], printed 144–150. The masthead explicitly spans 20–27 September; the input filename gives only 20 September. The next-issue notice does not establish I.19’s exact actual publication day.

The separately titled and signed Liebknecht poem receives a full literary card. Gorky’s umbrella title, three subdivisions and single terminal signature receive one full card; his separately credited woodcut receives a brief visual record, consistently with the I.6 illustration. The British study, recruitment essay and Missiroli review each remain single items across their internal subdivisions. Integral quotations, including Giusti’s verse, are not additional filler records. The four-point workplace-inquiry appeal and repeated council-pamphlet announcement remain brief. The publication-delay/congress notice and free-pamphlet promise are documented with that announcement. Routine accounts and back-issue notices remain in the audit.

Socialisti e anarchici is attributed to Gramsci by James Martin’s exact-title/date reference, note 14 in Liberty and Discipline: Gramsci and the Factory Council Movement (https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057/9780230616868_4). The unsigned Cronache and two political notes remain personally unattributed. Hamon receives source-author credit, with Italian adaptation/translation unidentified. Caesar and p. t. retain the established Seassaro and Togliatti mappings. Lébédeff’s portrait credit is separate from Gorky’s written article; no council mandate is inferred for any contributor. New profiles state unresolved details explicitly, including Lébédeff’s conflicting birth day.

The next issue’s evidence is allowed to refine earlier entries: I.19 Cronache states that I.18 appeared on Monday 15 September rather than Saturday 13. Its nominal date is preserved. The erratum on p.146 explicitly corrects più oscuro to più sicuro in the Zini review, I.18, p.142, c.2; a source-note cross-reference preserves the distinction between original print and correction. No other earlier card content is changed.

Council/Soviet flags: 04, 06, 07, 08, 10, S05. Democracy flags: 03, 07, 08, 10, 11. Republic, elections and institutional participation alone do not create a lexical democracy flag. Rappoport’s reference to the Chinese republic is therefore not a democracy mention. The factory-to-world organizational sequence in Socialisti e anarchici has no explicit council word.

Six new private reading selections emphasize assemblies as tests of proposals, British shop-floor procedures and learning after defeat, Bukharin’s administrative participation, productive coordination, comparative military organization and Togliatti’s account of active historical knowledge. The military essay’s explicit racist ranking of lives and proposed colonial mercenary functions are not obscured by its decentralizing arguments. Reading directives remain outside public catalog cards and website packaging.

## Issue I.20 — 4 October 1919

Eight leaves [151]–158 inspected twice, including the enlarged/reoriented sideways p.154. Thirteen full cards and three brief records. The six independently titled reviews in La battaglia delle idee share the final a. t. signature on p.158; the existing Tasca mapping is retained. The reviewed writers are subjects, not contributors. Tasca’s reconstruction essay includes eight internal headings and integral verse, not separate articles. Three unsigned items remain personally unattributed; the identically titled I.18 Un programma di lavoro is not sufficient to attribute the I.20 installment. Gramsci’s L’unità nazionale has an exact-issue publisher-hosted attribution, recorded on the card. No new council-delegate biography is established.

The closing four-point appeal is retained as a brief record because it requests precise workplace and local economic reports. The private reading shortlist remains separate from the public catalog. Existing IDs and the browser flag-storage key remain unchanged; rebuilds must never initialize or clear users’ saved flags.


## Issue I.21 additions

VPERIOD maps to Odon Por on the item-specific scholarly evidence cited in the card. La Croy’s teacher/garment-worker claims are source testimony, not verified civil identity. The Bianchi excerpt receives a brief credit, not a full-article count; its anomalous printed source date is preserved. Three Pankhurst subheadings belong to one signed letter. The council meeting invitation is retained as evidence of organizational communication, not completed proceedings.


## Issue I.22 additions

Eleven full cards and three brief records after two visual passes. Tasca’s nine subheadings and quoted motions belong to one signed report, while the two Fatti e documenti items are independent. The repeated workplace-inquiry appeal and separately signed Humbert-Droz excerpt receive brief entries. The latter adds a sourced quotation-only contributor profile. La Croy’s Paris/London and ministerial employment claims remain explicitly self-reported; neither these claims nor the proposed arbitration commissions establish council service. Tasca’s commission membership and Bartalini’s biographical-card practice receive issue-based author notes. Unsigned Cronache remains unattributed; the party-unity and defeat editorials have separate external attribution evidence recorded in their cards. The American pamphlet distribution report is not an announcement of the Ordine Nuovo council pamphlet.


## Issue I.23 additions

Twelve full cards and eight brief records after two visual passes. The three ornament-separated Third International notices receive individual brief entries. The two independently headed Fatti e documenti reports receive full cards. G. D.’s occupationally signed letter and the separate unsigned Postilla are distinct; no mapping to A. C. is inferred. Togliatti’s three-title bibliographic heading introduces one continuous review. Petri’s printed I. is preserved despite his reference to an earlier chapter. Damiani and L. Emery receive limited profiles with unknown fields; no namesake identification or council mandate is inferred. The Gramsci meeting invitation establishes a scheduled engagement, not proof of occurrence. Lébédeff’s woodcut remains a brief visual credit. Existing stable IDs and flag storage remain unchanged.


## Issue I.24 additions

Thirteen full cards and one brief motto after two complete visual passes over eight leaves [183]–190, including sixteen enlarged overlapping half-pages. Three distinct Fatti e documenti items are retained as full records: the German report, Latvian letter and short Tolstoy cultural-policy article. Petri’s four sections and eight notes are one installment; Gorky’s La Madre is a self-contained Timur tale, not presumed to be an installment of his novel. The Robins–Lenin interview retains its mediation and explicit contents credit to Lenin; no unprinted reporter or translator is invented.

Item-specific scholarly evidence supports Gramsci attribution for La Russia e l’Europa and I Popolari. Cronache remains personally unassigned; institutional provenance does not identify the German report’s writer or the Latvian party secretary. I Popolari follows the body’s La settimana politica rubric. The review’s bibliographic heading names Castagno as reviewed writer; p. t. identifies Togliatti as reviewer.

Cronache prints lunedì, 26 ottobre, although 26 October 1919 was Sunday; the discrepancy remains explicit without substituting a date or conflating this meeting with the earlier 30 October invitation. The German report’s prospective treaty discussion and printed 11–12 May Munich chronology are preserved as source evidence, not treated as contemporary November developments. The Latvian letter’s late-July dateline is separate from the issue date.

Jacchia’s statement that Cesena is his place of origin and Togliatti’s explicit identification of him as a worker supplement his biography without supplying a birthplace or council mandate. Caesar’s first-person lawyer footnote supplements Seassaro’s occupational evidence. No new contributor identities or council-delegate mandates established; 67 profiles retained with recalculated counts. Seven private research selections added, with Jacchia and Togliatti particularly useful for comparative learning and worker competence. The private shortlist remains excluded from public packaging. Previous issue source records and flag-storage behavior are preserved.


## Issue I.25 additions

Eleven full cards and two brief records, [191]–198, after two complete visual passes over all eight leaves and sixteen enlarged overlapping half-pages. The commissioners’ program, including its preamble, principles, regulations, factory-school provisions and publicity resolutions, is one institutional document. Viglongo’s quoted interview, motions and subheadings are integral to his congress report; the Petri installment includes all four internal sections and both footnotes. Three independently headed Fatti e documenti items receive full cards. The motto and independent Fichte quotation receive brief records. Subscription reminders, contents, teaser and future-issue list are excluded with their positions logged in the audit.

Exact-title/date scholarly citations support Gramsci attribution for Sindacalismo e Consigli (Guido Liguori, Firenze University Press) and Italia e Stati Uniti (Giuseppe Vacca, Studi e Ricerche X, 2017, p.99 n.1). Cronache remains unsigned and personally unassigned. The program’s institutional adoption on 31 October does not establish an individual drafter and must not be conflated with the FIOM meeting on 1 November. Kun’s extract is explicitly credited in contents and introduction; no translator invented. Sankey is author of the scheme, not necessarily of its Italian digest.

The chemical-congress council motion lost 6530 to 15361; Viglongo’s moral-victory claim is not a successful vote. The Hungarian report’s printed terrore rosso is anomalous in its anti-Soviet repression context and is preserved in the source note; the victim name Szama remains unresolved. Unsigned documentary claims are attributed to their reported sources rather than certified as historical facts.

Added sourced profiles for Béla Kun and Johann Gottlieb Fichte, with uncertainty retained in Kun’s precise biographical locations/dates and the Fichte item explicitly identified as posthumous. Existing authority records preserved. Cumulative coverage is 301 full cards, 72 brief records, 69 author/quotation-author profiles. Eight private reading selections added; program, chemical-congress report and FIOM assembly analysis are especially useful for comparative strategic reflection and institutional learning. Prior records, identifiers, flag-storage key and interface behavior preserved.


## Issue I.26 additions

Eleven full articles and four brief records, [199]–206, after two complete visual passes over eight leaves and sixteen overlapping enlarged halves. Montagnana’s signed worker intervention and Togliatti’s separately signed Postilla have distinct records. The Moscow compilation includes its election rules, tables, episodes and commentary. Petri’s four footnotes belong to installment IV; the ensuing errata for installments II–III are a separate brief record, preserving the correction targets without silently rewriting earlier entries. The worker letter under Posta is independent of the preceding c. p. review. The program-distribution appeal is retained briefly because it documents a proposed use of the journal in workplace deliberation. Administrative subscription material and colophon are not separate cards.

Fondazione Gramsci’s Togliatti collected-works contents supports Creare una scuola; an exact-title/date citation in International Gramsci Journal 6(1), 2025, p.103 n.12 supports Gramsci’s I rivoluzionari e le elezioni. Printed anonymity is preserved. The Labry review’s c. p. initials remain personally unresolved. Its bibliography prints 228 pages while the body gives 258; no silent correction is made. The source image remains authoritative.

Cronache reports the discussion announced for 30 October as begun 6 November; Gramsci’s pamphlet contribution is described prospectively. Gramsci and Tasca authority notes now reflect actual participation reported here. Montagnana’s mechanical-fitter signature supplements his profile without inventing an employer or elected mandate. Petri’s Fiat-Centro footnote reports a committee election, not his own election; his council-delegate field is unchanged. New sourced profiles for Sorel and Terracini retain unresolved biographical information, including differing reference dates for Sorel’s death.

Cumulative coverage: 312 full records, 76 brief records, 71 authority pages. Nine private reading selections added, particularly the worker/editor exchange, worker-generated productive inquiry and correspondence about education. All earlier article records, permanent IDs and flag/search behavior preserved.


## Issue I.27 additions

Twelve full articles and five brief records, [207]–214, after two visual passes. The original seven-leaf issue PDF omits213: its seventh leaf is214. The user supplied213 in a separate screenshot PDF. Its heading is partly clipped and approximately one sentence at the top of c.3 is absent. These losses are retained explicitly; no wording reconstructed. The issue and each record carry source-file/leaf mappings, particularly La legislazione comunista II, which runs from supplement leaf1 to original leaf7. Neither source PDF is rewritten or merged.

All four Fatti e documenti items receive separate full cards. The Fiat-Centro collective letter is distinct from Aviloff’s Russian union account. Petri’s curriculum table and internal divisions, and Seassaro’s three footnotes, remain within their respective articles. Fichte and Lenin quotations are separate brief records; the two Lenin passages share a terminal attribution. Two editorial appeals receive brief records because they concern worker inquiry and workplace use of the program. Libri ricevuti is a purely bibliographical list and receives no substantive review card; the colophon is excluded.

Le elezioni has an exact-title/date scholarly attribution to Gramsci; Cronache and I reduci di guerra remain unresolved. The Glebov-Avilov profile distinguishes his1917 commissar office from the1919 publication date and retains biographical date uncertainties. The Fiat-Centro signatories are not assigned invented individual identities. Lenin’s quoted source in Il giornale comunista does not establish authorship of the unsigned Italian compilation.

Cumulative coverage:324 full records and81 brief records;72 author profiles. Six full-card private reading selections added. The brief appeal I compagni possono aiutarci (ON-1919-27-S04,214c3) is an additional research lead: it requests worker-generated evidence on economic structure, psychology, property, work processes and pay, rather than merely subscriptions. All earlier article records, permanent IDs and flag/search behavior preserved.


## Issue I.28 additions

Eight full articles and five brief records after two visual passes of eight leaves: [215],216,217,218,219,220,221,222. Each original PDF leaf maps directly to its facsimile page; no supplement or rearrangement is needed. Long Bukharin, Aviloff and Tasca contributions account for the smaller number of articles. Internal headings and Seassaro’s three footnotes stay within their articles. The school program, teacher roster, reading scheme and exercises form one item. Two Censura interruptions on217c1 are recorded without reconstructing missing text.

The party-program quotation and the two Radek passages with one terminal signature receive separate brief records. Both substantive editorial appeals are retained. Masthead motto retained; contents, subscription details and colophon excluded as independent substantive items.

Il problema del potere is attributed to Gramsci through exact-item scholarly references. Socialismo e Anarchia uses the established a. t.→Tasca mapping and exact-item scholarly support. The unsigned Lenin speech report remains distinct from its quoted speaker. Six authority profiles record planned teaching appointments without claiming delivery or new factory mandates. Radek receives a sourced profile and a brief-record count, not a full-article count.

Cumulative coverage:332 full records,86 brief records,73 author profiles. Seven full-card private reading selections added; the Radek quotation is separately flagged as a companion. All prior records, permanent identifiers and flag storage behavior preserved.


## Issue I.29 additions

Nineteen full articles and five brief records after two complete visual passes of ten leaves: [223],224,225,226,227,228,229,230,231,232. The printed masthead dates the issue6–13December1919; the source filename’s6Decemberdate is not the full publication range. No supplementary scan or rearrangement is needed.

Three separately headed arguments beneath Gli avvenimenti del2–3dicembre receive individual cards, without an extra umbrella card. Bukharin’s two numbered chapters remain one serialized installment. The literary introduction is distinct from Lucien Jean’s fiction. The party leadership communication remains collective, not personally attributed. Wanin’s article heading differs from its contents listing, and the body heading is used.

Five brief records retain the motto, Radek quotation, Bologna-program quotation, substantive circulation appeal, and a subscription entry connecting a worker collection with the7Novemberstrike. The latter is retained for a specific research reason; routine advertising and colophon are excluded.

Gramsci attribution is supported for Azione positiva and Piccola borghesia; unsigned adjacent items are not assigned by proximity. Togliatti’s review uses the established p.t. mapping. New profiles cover J.Wanin, Lucien Jean, Boris Souvarine and Valentino Barbiera. Unknown personal identities, birth/death details, affiliations and council mandates remain explicitly unknown. Jean’s posthumous publication does not imply activity in1919.

Cumulative coverage:351full records,91brief records,77author profiles. Eight full-card private reading selections added. Prior issue records, permanent identifiers and flag behavior preserved. The private list remains outside the public interface and website package.


## Issue I.30 additions

Thirteen full records and four brief records after two complete visual passes of eight leaves: [233],234,235,236,237,238,239,240. Single masthead date:20December1919. No supplement or rearrangement is needed.

The two Turin institutional resolutions are separate records. The German analytical introduction is distinct from the explicitly reproduced agrarian program; its twenty-nine clauses remain one document. Tasca’s internal headings remain one essay. The accepted Avanguardia editorial program is distinct from Montagnana’s rejected relocation motion. Two substantive review sections share p.t.; the second treats three source articles together, not as three separate reviews. The inconsistent printed dates of Guerra di classe no.65 remain an unresolved bibliographical anomaly.

Four brief records retain the motto, Bologna-program quotation, substantive request for workplace observations, and announcement of Russian workers’ control material for study in Turin workshops. Routine advertising, contents and colophon are excluded.

Exact-item bibliography supports the two Gramsci attributions. Carlo Bertani’s new profile uses only the introductory identification as professor and contributor to Idea Nuova; unsupported personal dates, formal affiliations and council status remain unknown. Montagnana’s profile records the explicitly attributed rejected motion without assigning him the whole unsigned program.

Cumulative coverage:364 full records,95 brief records,78 author profiles. Nine private reading selections added;150 in total. Earlier article records, identifiers and flag behavior preserved. The private list remains outside the public interface and website package.


## Issue I.31 additions

Thirteen full records and two brief records after two complete visual passes of eight leaves, [241]–248, dated 27 December 1919. Radek’s independently titled substantive exposition is a full card despite its italic setting. The FIOM appeal, retrospective Fiat-Centro scheme, Oneglia correspondent’s letter and editorial reply are four distinct records. Internal headings within Caesar’s and Il combattente’s articles remain within their respective installments.

The Oneglia letter explicitly concerns women workers: 300 organized workers and twelve nonunion workers. Allegations are attributed to the correspondent. The early Fiat scheme is distinguished from the later position described by its editorial frame. C.F.A. and the surname appearing as Ebero remain unresolved. Promised school publications and the workers’ control issue are not treated as completed publications.

Exact-title bibliography supports Gramsci’s editorial attribution. Cronache and the editorial reply remain personally unattributed. Marcel Martinet receives a sourced authority; council status remains unknown. No previous authority entry is changed.

Cumulative coverage: 377 full records, 97 brief records, 79 author profiles. Ten private reading selections added; 160 in total. Earlier records and permanent identifiers remain unchanged. The private list stays outside the public website.


## Issue I.32 additions and calendar transition

Ten full records and one brief motto after two complete visual passes of eight leaves, [249]–256. The masthead is dated 3 January1920 and still identifies VolumeI. New IDs and issue filenames use1920; all earlier identifiers remain unchanged. Catalog loading accepts both years, and pagination continues with[I].

Arsky’s narrative and its reproduced fourteen-clause law have separate records, with explicit overlapping page spans and column boundaries. The twenty-four-clause instructions under Fatti e documenti are another document; their introductory draft status and restrictions on direct management remain explicit. Internal numbered clauses and narrative headings are not additional cards. Per il1920 is a substantive integrated publishing/distribution appeal; its prospective titles are not present articles. The Quaglino advertisement and colophon are excluded.

The two editorials have exact-item attribution evidence for Togliatti and Gramsci. Cronache remains personally unattributed. R. Arsky is a name-level authority with unresolved expanded identity. Pietro Borghi’s workshop-engineer signature supports a conservative new profile. Matta’s occupational signature and reported June congress intervention extend his notes, without assigning either unnamed factory or an elected mandate.

Councils and democracy checked independently across all eleven records; democracy is not inferred solely from elections. Cumulative totals:387 full,98 brief,81 author pages. Eight private reading selections added,168 total. Earlier source records, IDs and flag logic preserved.


## Issue I.33 additions

Ten full cards and three brief records after two complete visual passes of all eight leaves,[257]–264. The poem is a full substantive item. The motto, collective party-program quotation and repeated prospective Quaderni notice are brief records. Contents, banner, subscription reminder, Quaglino advertisement and colophon are excluded and logged. Internal numbered sections, headings and footnotes remain with their parent articles.

Gramsci’s unsigned L’esempio della Russia has exact-title/date attribution in Pons,p.890,n.22. Cronache and Bambini di Vienna remain personally unattributed. Caesar and a.t. retain existing Seassaro/Tasca mappings. L.Larin is a name-level authority: connection with Yuri Larin is plausible but not established for this exact printed initial. Georges Chennevière and Emeljan Jaroslavskij have sourced profiles; incomplete dates remain explicit. The review’s numero scorso reference conflicts with its p.236 citation and is not silently repaired.

Councils and democracy checked independently throughout. Bibliographical or translation-note mention occurrences are labeled as such; voting alone does not establish democracy. The poem’s awareness of suffering does not receive a consciousness mention. No new controlled vocabulary. Cumulative coverage:397 full cards,101 brief records,84 author pages. Five private reading selections added,173 total. Earlier source records, identifiers and flag logic preserved.


## Issue I.34 additions

Eleven full cards and four brief records after two complete visual passes of all eight leaves, [265]–272. The substantive Italian editorial introduction to Zinoviev is separate from his report. The two separately headed housing regulations are separate full records; internal report headings remain with their parent articles. Motto, worker-reporting appeal, censored party-program quotation and prospective Quaderni notice are brief. Administrative reminder, contents, banner and colophon excluded and logged.

Exact-item sources support Gramsci attribution for Socialismo ed economia and La funzione storica delle città; Cronache and the Italian introduction remain personally unattributed. Rote Fahne is a source periodical. A sourced Zinoviev authority distinguishes his city-soviet presidency from an unknown factory constituency. Earlier authorities unchanged.

Councils and democracy checked independently throughout. The house-council election note has awkward wording; no inferred pensioner or nonworker exclusion. A failed-quorum meeting reconvenes a week later. The printed censorship interruption remains unfilled. Fiat-Centro circulation is prospective. The neighboring regulation’s date is not assigned automatically to the requisition document. No new controlled vocabulary. Cumulative coverage: 408 full cards, 105 brief records, 85 author pages. Eight private reading selections added, 181 total. Earlier records, identifiers and flag logic preserved.


## Issue I.35 additions

Eleven full cards and three brief records after two full visual passes of [273]–280. The masthead gives24–31January1920; Cronache explains the missed planned24January issue. Separate Martinet poems receive full cards; clauses and resolutions within the Turin program and British report remain with their parent items. Motto, Quaderni prospectus and party-program quotation are brief. Administrative reminder, masthead, contents and colophon are excluded and logged.

Exact-item references support the two unsigned Gramsci attributions. Other unsigned items remain personally unattributed. New Trotsky and Mario Stragiotti authorities distinguish documented offices from unknown employment or council mandates. Earlier authorities retained. Two textual anomalies—the apparently reversed transition in Produzione e Politica and repeated1918 in the British financial comparison—remain explicit. Overstruck text and ellipses are not reconstructed. Councils and democracy checked independently; no new controlled vocabulary. Cumulative coverage419 full cards,108 brief records,87 author pages. Seven private reading selections added,188 total. Earlier records, identifiers and flag logic preserved.


## Issue I.36 additions

Eight full cards and two brief records after two complete visual passes of [281]–288. No Cronache occurs. Student meeting notice remains with its manifesto; the long education address retains its explicitly signaled editorial substitution of a theater note. Internal headings of the other essays remain within their parent records. Motto and Quaderni prospectus are brief; contents, masthead administration and colophon are excluded and logged.

The original PDF has clipped, blank and crossed-out passages on285–287. A matching legible Centro Gramsci facsimile (https://www.centrogramsci.it/riviste/nuovo/ordine%20nuovo%20p3.pdf), leaves79–81, was visually consulted for those passages. Supplementary mappings remain separate from original issue leaves5–7; no source PDF was altered. The source notes identify this intervention explicitly.

Exact-item references support unsigned Togliatti and Gramsci attributions. Scholarly authority supports Lorenzo Vanini→Stoyan Minev. The unsigned council statement remains unknown; E.Castellari remains a name-level authority. Biryukov’s limited observational basis and partial implementation, and the prospective status of Pankhurst’s mass meetings, are explicit. Councils and democracy independently checked. No new controlled vocabulary. Cumulative coverage427 full cards,110 brief records,90 author pages. Seven private selections added,195 total. Earlier records, identifiers, authorities and flag logic preserved.


## Issue I.37 additions

Eleven full cards and five brief records after two complete visual passes of [289]–296. The two separately quoted provincial congress resolutions receive separate cards under their shared rubric. Continued essays and their internal headings remain single records. The motto, distribution/paper-shortage notice, research-oriented reader appeal, Russian/Polish subscription dedication and forthcoming-contributions notice are brief records; routine accounts, administration and colophon are excluded and logged.

The supplied PDF contains six leaves: [289],292,293,294,295,296. Missing290–291 were read in the Centro Gramsci compilation (https://www.centrogramsci.it/riviste/nuovo/ordine%20nuovo%20p3.pdf), leaves84–85. Each affected record identifies the separate source file and actual PDF leaf; no missing leaves were invented in the original PDF and neither source was altered. The supplementary copy and provenance are retained in work/issue-37.

Unsigned Lo strumento di lavoro has exact-item Gramsci attribution evidence. Other unsigned editorials and collective documents retain conservative attribution. La Croy’s contemporary self-positioning is added to the existing authority without guessing a factory, profession or council mandate. Seassaro’s apparent organizzati/disorganizzati anomaly is documented without silent correction. Bukharin’s capitalist syndicates are distinguished from trade unions. Councils and democracy were checked independently throughout; no new controlled vocabulary. Cumulative coverage438 full cards,115 brief records,90 authors. Nine private reading selections added,204 total.


## Issue I.38 additions

Eleven full cards and three brief records after two complete visual passes of all eight supplied leaves,[297]–304. Cronache continues directly from[297] to302; intermediate pages are not assigned to it. Bucco’s manifesto, Lenin’s signed text and the translated report are distinct. Serrati’s letter and Terracini’s reply receive separate cards. Zini’s internal headings and the German program’s sectionsI–III remain within their respective parent records; the program’s promised continuation is not counted. Motto, tactical-discussion prospectus and Quaderni prospectus are brief; masthead administration, contents and colophon excluded.

Exact-item scholarly evidence supports Gramsci’s L’operaio di fabbrica. Extensive matching text in Ransome’s The Crisis in Russia supports Il sabato comunista attribution, with newspaper date and translator unresolved. The Italian kg/poods and percentage differences from the later English text are explicitly retained, and later English criticism is not imported into the Italian summary. Zini’s note marker(1) has no located footnote text.

Added Bucco, Serrati and Saint-Prix authorities; Matta’s Parma speech report added without inferring a mandate or formal union membership. All other earlier authorities retained. Councils/democracy independently checked, including negative council findings for L’operaio di fabbrica, Lenin’s separate text and Zini’s lecture. No new controlled vocabulary. Cumulative449 full cards,118 brief records,93 authors. Nine private reading selections added,213 total. Earlier records, identifiers, source PDFs and flag logic preserved.


## Issue I.39 additions

Eleven full cards and three brief records after two visual passes of all eight leaves,[305]–312. Masthead dates28February–6March1920. Separate Partito di governo and Classe di governo headings retained; later collected combined title documented. Borghi and Barbiera receive distinct cards; Viglongo’s internal headings and documentary extracts remain within his signed installment. D.R. remains unresolved, without a guessed pseudonym mapping. Barbiera’s occupation updated from the printed tecnico d’officina; no personal council mandate inferred. The brief Zini bibliography supplies the note missing in I.38 without silently changing the earlier scan record. No source gap identified. Cumulative460 full121 brief,93authorities,223private selections. Existing records and flag code preserved.


## Issue I.40 additions

Thirteen full cards and six brief records after two complete visual passes of ten leaves,[313]–322. Masthead13March1920. Report on Sestri credits Togliatti and Viglongo in the printed introduction. G.Sanna’s identity remains unexpanded. Substantial fundraising discussion retained as a full card; prospectuses remain brief. Borghi’s workforce is reduced to65percent, not by65percent; apparent gains are corrected and the two-day observation limits generalization. Sestri’s temporary councils are explicitly reported no longer extant. The appeal on322 confirms that announced Quaderni remain unpublished for lack of funds. No source gap identified. Cumulative473 full127 brief,94authorities,233private selections plus the companion brief appeal.


## Issue I.41 additions

Ten full cards and seven brief records after two visual passes of all eight leaves,[323]–330. Masthead20March1920. No source gap identified. Yvan Goll identified from documented name variants; Miasnikoff remains a surname authority with the Gabriel Miasnikov identification lead explicitly qualified. Unsigned cooperative editorial remains unknown. The Russian conference report withholds identities and location; no reconstruction supplied. Repeated fundraising appeal records the theatrical event as completed; Fiat-Centro report remains prospective here. Cumulative483 full134 brief,96authorities,241private selections. Prior records and flags preserved.


## Issue I.42 additions

Ten full cards and eight brief records, all eight leaves [331]–338 read twice. Masthead confirms No.42,27March1920. No source gap identified. Fiat report and its separately titled analytical statement share six worker signatories; their occupations and executive roles are directly printed on335, with unanimous assembly approval20March. Six author authorities added; other biographies unchanged. Two separately signed Latzko presentations indexed separately. Pankhurst’s delayed letter and Ransome’s internal1919dates preserved. Errata-corrige cross-references I.41 without rewriting it. Quaderni remain in preparation. Cumulative493 full142 brief103authorities249private selections.

I.42 also adds a Karl Marx authority for its two explicitly credited brief quotations; earlier records remain unchanged.


## Issue I.43 and Volume I completion

Twelve full cards and one brief motto; all ten leaves [339]–348 inspected twice. Masthead date is3–10April1920, not merely the filename’s3April. Soviet e Consigli di fabbrica maps to340 and345, not intervening pages. Amsterdam resolutions and votes retained within the complete report; Martinet’s two poems form one signed sequence. Latzko authority added from biographical sources. D.R. and C.Niccolini remain unresolved. All43issues are indexed,505full143brief104authorities259private selections. Historical source limitations, including I.27’s clipped supplement and I.37’s externally supplied pages, remain documented; no completeness claim reconstructs missing text. Prior records and flag storage code unchanged.


## Volume II: identifier and source conventions

Volume I records and permanent IDs remain unchanged. Volume II uses IDs ON-II-YYYY-NN-XX and filenames ordine-nuovo-vol-2-YYYY-NN-catalog.json, preventing collisions after issue numbering restarts. Pagination carries [II]. The existing cumulative file address is retained for link and flag compatibility, although it now includes both volumes. Numeric issue query values retain their Volume I meaning; Volume II uses values such as 2.1, combined with volume=2. Issue II.1 has nine full cards and five brief records, all eight leaves inspected twice, no source gap. The signed French Barbusse letter is separate from his speech; Souvarine’s two viewpoints remain one comparative report. D.R. and the unsigned Cronache author remain unresolved.


## Issue II.2

Eleven full cards and five brief records after two visual passes of nine PDF leaves. Printed pages[9]–16 are all present; leaves2and3 both reproduce10. Canonical reading references use leaf2 for10 and leaves4–9 for11–16; the duplicate remains in the audit and the original PDF. Substantive editorial framing of Viglongo and Olivetti is indexed separately from their reports. Viglongo’s withheld attachment is documented but not reconstructed. Four new author authorities; unsigned editorial texts remain unresolved, while Al potere follows the Togliatti collected-work index. No occupations or council mandates inferred for Casale. Cumulative525full153brief.


## Issue II.3

Seven full cards and three brief records. Eight printed pages [17]–24, each read twice. Masthead confirms 29 May 1920 despite filename year 2020. Printed 21 is upside-down; only a derived reading image was rotated. Tasca’s long report, its distinct proposed motion, and Lenin’s long essay explain the lower item count. No adoption of the motion inferred. Einaudi’s substantive press excerpt is a full card; its source date is 23 May 1920. Casale authority expanded from first-person evidence without inferring a council mandate. Cumulative 532 full and 156 brief records.


## Issue II.4

Eleven full cards and two brief records after two visual passes of eight leaves,[25]–32. Masthead year1920 overrides filename2020 without changing the source. The Tasca polemic reads26→28. The intellectuals debate contains separate editorial framing,Rolland declaration,Eastman reply and Rolland rejoinder. Marx’s substantial Commune extract is a full card; Oriani’s block is brief. Zinoviev’s biography explicitly continues in a later issue; its portrait and notes are integral. The International representative remains personally unidentified. Jacques Sadoul authority added; no council mandate inferred. Cumulative543full158brief.


## Issue II.5

Eight full cards and five brief records after two visual passes of eight leaves,[33]–40. Zinoviev’s biography and Tasca’s polemic explicitly continue. The four Proletkult sections form one article; its anonymous Russian author remains unidentified. Pankhurst’s statistics remain attributed to her report. The Lukács block is brief,with a new authority and a retained death-date discrepancy. Administrative arrears notice excluded;publication finance notice retained briefly. Cumulative551 full163 brief.


## Issue II.6

Ten full cards and three brief records after two visual passes of eight leaves, [41]–48. The substantive editorial introduction to Trotsky and the editorial postscript to Tasca are separate full cards. Tasca’s continuing installment is identified by the preceding installment and the explicit editorial attribution; the unsigned postscript remains anonymous. Zinoviev’s Lenin biography is explicitly paused, while his separate institutional report is indexed independently. Its statistics are not assumed to describe June 1920. No source gaps found. Krupskaya receives a new authority; no factory-council mandate is inferred. Cumulative 561 full and 166 brief records.